为了验证钢轨探伤车对焊缝缺陷的检测能力，设计了人工模拟焊缝缺陷，分别以不同速度对钢轨进行检测。结果表明，在钢轨探伤车检测工艺能够覆盖的有效检测区域内，人工模拟焊缝缺陷的平均检出率为97.2%，其中轨头、轨腰中φ 5 mm横通孔当量的体积型缺陷的检出率为100%，轨颚处φ 3 mm横通孔当量的体积型缺陷的检出率为91.7%。检测结果可为同行提供参考。

In order to verify the steel rail weld defect inspection ability of rail flaw detection vehicle, artificial weld defects are designed and tests of different steel rail are carried out. Test results show that within the weld effective detection area which can be covered by the flaw detection technology of rail flaw detection vehicle, the average detection rate of artificial weld defects is 97. 2%. The defect detection rate of φ 5 mm cross hole equivalent volume defects at the rail head and waist is 100%, and φ 3 mm cross hole equivalent volume defects at the rail jaw is 91. 7%. The test results can be used as a reference for peers.