通过理论分析建立了一种基于纵波声速评价SiC颗粒增强铝基（SiC_p/Al）复合材料中增强体含量及孔隙率的超声检测模型，随后采用粉末冶金工艺制备了增强体体积分数分别为10%，15%，20%，25%，30%的SiC_p/Al复合材料试样，实测纵波声速、增强体含量及孔隙率后建立了三者之间的关系曲线，最后利用实测关系曲线对标称体积分数为20%的SiC_p/Al复合材料试样中的增强体含量进行了推算。 试验结果表明，实测关系曲线与模型计算得到的理论预测曲线具有良好的一致性，试样增强体含量超声检测的相对误差为5. 2%，证明了该方法的可行性。该方法在检测增强体含量的同时考虑了孔隙率的影响，为先进金属基复合材料的无损检测提供了一种新思路。

An ultrasonic testing model for the volume fraction of SiC and porosity in SiC particle reinforced aluminum matrix(SiC_p/Al) composite was established through theoretical analysis, which was based on the ultrasonic velocity of longitudinal wave. SiC_p/Al composite samples with SiC volume fraction of 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% were prepared by powder metallurgy process respectively. The velocity, SiC volume fraction and porosity of those samples were measured, then an experimental relation curve between measured velocity, SiC volume fraction and porosity was established. And finally, the SiC volume fraction of another SiC_p/Al composite sample with a nominal volume fraction of 20% was calculated using the experimental relation curve. The results indicate that the experimental relation curve is in good agreement with the theoretical prediction curve calculated by the model, the relative error of the SiC volume fraction evaluated by ultrasonic method is 5.2%, which proves the feasibility of this method. The research considers the effect of porosity while detecting the SiC volume fraction, which provides a new idea for nondestructive evaluation of metal matrix composites.