通过选择性激光熔覆（SLM）系统能耗构成及特征分析，构建了系统能耗及比能耗（表征能效）与工艺过程参数间的定量关系，提出了以能效最优化为目标的工艺过程参数优化策略。结果表明：激光功率的选取需要考虑熔覆效率与能耗之间的矛盾；激光扫描速度的合理提升，可在熔覆道尺寸减小的劣势下提高熔覆效率，缩短激光熔覆的工作时间，进而降低能耗；较大的铺粉厚度与扫描速度，以及较小的横向搭接率，并匹配合适的激光功率，可有效降低SLM系统的比能耗。选择高度较小的方向进行堆垛成形可缩短层间停隔时间，进而降低系统能耗。

The quantitative relationship between system energy consumption, specific energy consumption (indicating energy efficiency) and process parameters was established by analyzing the energy consumption composition and characteristics of selective laser melting (SLM) system. A process parameter optimization strategy for optimizing the energy efficiency was proposed. The results show that the contradiction between the cladding efficiency and the energy consumption should be considered in selecting the laser power. The reasonable increase of laser scanning speed could improve the cladding efficiency and shorten working time of laser cladding under the disadvantage of reducing the cladding channel size, and then reduce energy consumption. Larger powder-bed thickness and scanning speed, as well as smaller transverse overlap rate matching the appropriate laser power, could effectively reduce the specific energy consumption of the SLM system. Choosing a direction with a smaller height for stacking could shorten the interlayer time and reduce the energy consumption of the system.