为了解决液化天然气（LNG）接收站承压特种设备不能进行停机检验的困境，在对LNG接收站主工艺流程及站内承压设备损伤模式分析的基础上，结合瞬变电磁、脉冲涡流、数字射线等在线检测技术在深冷环境中的可靠性分析，提出一种基于风险的检验（RBI）理念，以提高科学性和可操作性为原则，站内承压设备不停机、不拆除保冷层和不排除介质的在线检验方法。该方法涵盖了宏观检验、壁厚测定和无损检测等检验项目，可以有效发现站内承压设备存在的安全隐患；通过腐蚀回路的划分，能够有效降低站内压力管道的抽检比例，节省检验时间和成本；该方法在科学、合理、有效检验的同时，使站内承压设备合法、合规运行，这不仅能更好地控制设备运行风险，而且能产生巨大的社会经济效益。

In order to solve the problem that special pressure equipment in liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals cannot be stopped for inspection, a new on-line inspection method for special pressure equipment in LNG terminals without shutdown, removal of thermal insulation layer and removal of medium was proposed based on risk based inspection (RBI) concept and the principle of improving scientificity and operability. The method was based on the analysis of the main process flow of LNG terminals and damage modes of special pressure equipment in terminals, in combination with the reliability analysis of transient electromagnetic method (TEM), pulsed eddy current testing, digital radiography and other on-line inspection technology in cryogenic temperature environment. The method covered macroscopic inspection, wall thickness measurement and non-destructive testing and other inspection items, which can effectively discover the potential safety hazards of special pressure equipment in terminals. The division of the corrosion circuit can effectively reduce the sampling proportion of pressure pipelines in terminals and save the inspection time and cost. At the same time as scientific, reasonable and effective inspection, this method can make the special pressure equipment in terminals operate legally and in compliance, which not only can control the operation risk of equipment better, but also can produce huge social and economic benefits.