对未退火硬态紫铜和退火处理得到的软态紫铜进行室温应变控制对称循环和应力控制非对称循环变形试验，研究了退火处理对紫铜显微组织和棘轮行为的影响。结果表明：退火处理会增大紫铜的晶粒尺寸，影响紫铜的循环软/硬化特性；两种状态紫铜均表现出明显的棘轮行为，且其棘轮行为依赖于外加应力水平；应力幅的增大会显著影响硬态紫铜棘轮演化第Ⅲ阶段的棘轮应变速率，对软态紫铜第Ⅱ阶段的棘轮应变速率影响较小；平均应力越大，硬态紫铜的棘轮演化从第Ⅱ阶段进入第Ⅲ阶段的速度越快，但平均应力对软态紫铜第Ⅱ阶段棘轮应变速率的影响不显著。

Strain control symmetric cyclic and stress contrd asymmetric cyclic deformation tests were carried out at room temperature on unannealed hard copper and soft copper obtained by annealing treatment. The effect of annealing treatment on the microstructure and the ratchetting behavior of the copper was studied. The results show that annealing treatment increased the grain size and affected the cyclic softening/hardening characteristics of the copper. The coppers in two states showed obvious ratchetting, and the ratchetting was dependent on the level of applied stress. The increase of stress amplitude significantly affected the ratchetting strain rate in the third evolution stage of hard copper, but had little effect on the second evolution stage of soft copper. The higher the mean stress, the faster the ratcheting evolution of hard copper from the second stage to the third stage. But the effect of the mean stress on the ratchetting strain rate of soft copper in the second stage was not significant.