奥氏体不锈钢的热压缩本构方程及动态再结晶行为
Thermal Compression Constitutive Equation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steel
摘 要
利用Gleeble热力模拟试验机研究了304奥氏体不锈钢在变形温度950~1 150℃、应变速率0.05~1 s-1条件下的热压缩行为,根据真应力-真应变曲线,基于Arrhenius模型构建其在高温下的本构方程,并建立热加工图;基于试验数据建立动态再结晶模型,采用Deform软件对该钢的再结晶行为进行模拟,并进行试验验证。结果表明:随着应变速率的增大或变形温度的降低,不锈钢的流变应力增大;在变形温度1 080~1 120℃、应变速率0.05~0.2 s-1和变形温度1 120~1 150℃、应变速率0.5~1 s-1下,该钢具有良好的热加工性能;模拟得到在变形温度1 000℃、应变速率0.05 s-1和变形温度1 100℃、应变速率0.05 s-1下,试样心部再结晶晶粒体积分数和尺寸与试验结果间的相对误差小于7.62％,验证动态再结晶模型的准确性。
热压缩
本构方程
动态再结晶
304 stainless steel
thermal compression
constitutive equation
dynamic recrystallization
Abstract
The thermal compression behavior of 304 austenitic stainless steel under the conditions of deformation temperature of 950-1 150℃ and strain rate of 0.05-1 s-1was studied by Gleeble thermal simulator. According to the true stress-strain curve, the constitutive equation at high temperature was constructed based on Arrhenius model, and the processing map was established. Based on the experimental data, a dynamic recrystallization model was established, and the recrystallization behavior of the steel was simulated by Deform software, and was verified by test. The results show that the flow stress of stainless steel increased with increasing strain rate or decreasing deformation temperature. When the deformation temperature was 1 080-1 120℃, the strain rate was 0.05-0.2 s-1, and the deformation temperature was 1 120-1 150℃, the strain rate was 0.5-1 s-1, the steel had good hot working properties. When the deformation temperature was 1 000℃, the strain rate was 0.05 s-1, and the deformation temperature was 1 100℃, the strain rate was 0.05 s-1, the relative error of the recrystallization grain volume fraction in the sample center and grain size between simulation and test results was smaller than 7.62%, which verified the accuracy of dynamic recrystallization model.
中图分类号 TG142.71 DOI 10.11973/jxgccl202206009
所属栏目 物理模拟与数值模拟
基金项目 江苏省高等学校自然科学研究重大项目(19KJA520003);南京工程学院大学生科技创新基金资助项目(TB20211610)
收稿日期 2021/9/13
修改稿日期 2022/5/11
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注孙文伟(1997-),男,江苏泰州人,硕士研究生通信作者:毛向阳教授
引用该论文: SUN Wenwei,ZHANG Chuhan,ZHAO Yajun,WANG Junya,ZHAO Xiuming,MAO Xiangyang. Thermal Compression Constitutive Equation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steel[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2022, 46(6): 49～56
孙文伟,张楚函,赵亚军,王均亚,赵秀明,毛向阳. 奥氏体不锈钢的热压缩本构方程及动态再结晶行为[J]. 机械工程材料, 2022, 46(6): 49～56
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【3】WANG S L, YANG B, ZHANG M X, et al. Numerical simulation and experimental verification of microstructure evolution in large forged pipe used for AP1000 nuclear power plants[J]. Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2016,87(2):176-185.
【4】YING H, LIU G W, ZOU D N, et al. Deformation behavior and microstructural evolution of as-cast 904L austenitic stainless steel during hot compression[J]. Materials Science&Engineering:A, 2013, 565(10):342-350.
【5】魏猛,陈海涛,郎宇平,等.316LN不锈钢动态再结晶研究[J].热加工工艺,2012,41(14):97-101. WEI M,CHEN H T,LANG Y P,et al.Dynamic recrystallization behavior of 316LN stainless steel[J].Hot Working Technology,2012,41(14):97-101.
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【7】廖喜平,谢其军,胡成亮,等.304奥氏体不锈钢热变形行为及热加工图[J].锻压技术,2017,42(12):150-156. LIAO X P,XIE Q J,HU C L,et al.Hot deformation behavior and processing map of austenite stainless steel 304[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(12):150-156.
【8】SWITZNER N T, SAWYER E T, EVERHART W A, et al. Predicting microstructure and strength for AISI 304L stainless steel forgings[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A, 2019, 745(4):474-483.
【9】陈飞,朱华佳,李佳航,等.大锻件非连续热变形组织演变宏微观模拟[J].塑性工程学报,2020,27(5):41-52. CHEN F,ZHU H J,LI J H,et al.Macro and micro simulation of discontinuous hot deformation microstructure evolution of large forgings[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2020,27(5):41-52.
【10】杨晓雅,何岸,谢甘霖,等.核电用奥氏体不锈钢的动态再结晶行为[J].工程科学学报,2015,37(11):1447-1455. YANG X Y,HE A,XIE G L,et al.Dynamic recrystallization behavior of an austenitic stainless steel for nuclear power plants[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering,2015,37(11):1447-1455.
【11】程晓农,桂香,罗锐,等.核电装备用奥氏体不锈钢的高温本构模型及动态再结晶[J].材料导报,2019,33(11):1775-1781. CHENG X N,GUI X,LUO R,et al.Constitutive equation and dynamic recrystallization behavior of 316L austenitic stainless steel for nuclear power equipment[J].Materials Reports,2019,33(11):1775-1781.
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【15】ZENER C, HOLLOMON J H. Effect of strain rate upon plastic flow of steel[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1944, 15(1):22-32.
【16】PRASAD Y, GEGEL H L, DORAIVELU S M, et al. Modeling of dynamic material behavior in hot deformation:Forging of Ti-6242[J]. Metallurgical Transactions A, 1984, 15(10):1883-1892.
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【19】胡家齐,王长军,杨哲,等.AM355不锈钢的热变形行为[J].金属热处理,2020,45(3):50-59. HU J Q,WANG C J,YANG Z,et al.Hot deformation behaviors of AM355 stainless steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2020,45(3):50-59.
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【23】林伟强.基于Deform金属锻造和热处理的晶粒度分析及组织遗传研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2012. LIN W Q.Based on deform analysis of the grain size and research of organization inheritance during metal forging and heat treatment[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2012.
【24】SELLARS C M, WHITEMAN J A. Recrystallization and grain growth in hot rolling[J]. Metal Science Journal, 1978, 13(3/4):187-194.
【25】冯瑞,王克鲁,鲁世强,等.BT25钛合金β相区动态再结晶行为及数值模拟[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2021,50(3):894-901. FENG R,WANG K L,LU S Q,et al.Dynamic recrystallization behavior and numerical simulation of β phase of BT25 titanium alloy[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2021,50(3):894-901.
【26】HE A,WANG X T,XIE G L,et al.Modified Arrhenius-type constitutive model and artificial neural network-based model for constitutive relationship of 316LN stainless steel during hot deformation[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research (International),2015,22(8):721-729.
【27】孙宇,周琛,万志鹏,等.金属材料动态再结晶模型研究现状[J].材料导报,2017,31(13):12-16. SUN Y,ZHOU C,WAN Z P,et al.Current research status of dynamic recrystallization model of metallic materials[J].Materials Review,2017,31(13):12-16.
【28】黄可,刘江,陶永德,等.GH4720Li合金流变力学Arrhenius本构方程的建立和再结晶形核机制分析[J].材料热处理学报,2019,40(1):141-148. HUANG K,LIU J,TAO Y D,et al.Establishment of Arrhenius constitutive equation for flow mechanics and analysis of recrystallization nucleation mechanism of GH4720Li alloy[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2019,40(1):141-148.
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