采用宏观观察、化学成分分析、力学性能测试、金相检验等方法对某液压油缸缸筒的爆裂原因进行了分析。结果表明:液压油缸缸筒组织不均匀,存在混晶,导致材料的脆性较强;焊接工艺不当导致在焊接起弧点附近出现裂纹,引起应力集中,在较大应力作用下,裂纹快速扩展导致油缸缸筒爆裂。

Macroscopic observation, chemical composition analysis, mechanical property test, metallographic examination and other methods were used to analyze the explosion reason of cylinder tube of an hydraulic cylinder. The results show that the structure of cylinder tube of hydraulic cylinder was uneven and there was mischcrystal, which led to the strong brittleness of the material. Improper welding process led to cracks near the welding arc point, which caused stress concentration. Under the action of large stress, the rapid propagation of cracks led to the explosion of the cylinder.