动车与拖车ER8钢车轮轮毂表面的微动损伤行为
Fretting Damage Behaviors of ER8 Steel Wheel Hub Surface of Motor Car and Trailer
摘 要
以在我国西北风沙环境下运行1.73×106 km的动车组动车和拖车ER8钢车轮轮毂为研究对象,通过硬度测试、表面和截面损伤形貌观察等方法,分析了动车和拖车车轮轮毂表面的微动损伤行为。结果表明:动车车轮轮毂表面平均硬度约为335 HV,硬化层深度约为300 μm,最大塑性变形层厚度约为29 μm,均大于拖车车轮轮毂(310 HV,250 μm,25 μm);拖车车轮轮毂表面损伤以相互交错的浅犁沟为主,同时存在较多连片的剥落坑和疲劳裂纹,并发生氧化磨损,截面损伤以剥落为主,部分区域还存在小角度的长裂纹;动车车轮轮毂表面损伤主要为方向一致的深犁沟和少量大剥落坑,表面疲劳裂纹较少,截面损伤以小角度长裂纹为主,部分区域表层存在沿塑性变形线向内部扩展的裂纹。
拖车车轮
轮毂
微动损伤
犁沟
剥落
疲劳裂纹
motor car wheel
trailer wheel
wheel hub
fretting damage
furrow
spalling
fatigue crack
Abstract
By taking ER8 steel wheel hubs of motor car and trailer of an electric motor train unit operating 1.73×106 km in a windy and sandy environment in northwest China as the research object, the fretting damage behaviors of wheel hub surface of motor car and trailer were analyzed by hardness testing and surface and section damage morphology observation. The results show that the average surface hardness, hardening layer depth and maximum plastic deformation layer thickness of the motor car wheel hub were about 335 HV, 300 μm and 29 μm, respectively, which were greater than 310 HV, 250 μm and 25 μm of the trailer wheel hub. The surface damage of the trailer wheel hub was mainly interlaced shallow furrows; there were many continuous spalling pits and fatigue cracks, and oxidative wear occurred. The section damage of the trailer wheel hub was mainly spalling pits, and there were small-angle long cracks in some areas. The surface damage of the motor car wheel hub was mainly deep furrows in the same direction and a small number of large spalling pits, and there were few surface fatigue cracks; the section damage was mainly long cracks with small angles, and there were cracks propagating inward along the plastic deformation lines on a partial region suface layer.
中图分类号 U266.2 DOI 10.11973/jxgccl202305005
所属栏目 试验研究
基金项目 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金资助项目(2019A1515110807);广东省教育厅青年创新人才项目(2018KQNCX271);五邑大学高层次人才科研启动计划项目(AG2018001)
收稿日期 2022/3/29
修改稿日期 2023/3/23
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注何成刚(1988-),男,四川资中人,副教授,博士
引用该论文: HE Chenggang,ZOU Gang,YE Rongwei,ZHAI Yujiang,LI Peng,FU Bin,LIU Jihua. Fretting Damage Behaviors of ER8 Steel Wheel Hub Surface of Motor Car and Trailer[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2023, 47(5): 26～34
何成刚,邹港,叶榕伟,翟玉江,李鹏,付斌,刘吉华. 动车与拖车ER8钢车轮轮毂表面的微动损伤行为[J]. 机械工程材料, 2023, 47(5): 26～34
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【3】刘宪,刘舒宁,安萍.HXD3型机车车轴轮座产生裂纹原因分析及措施[J].铁道机车车辆,2021,41(2):110-115. LIU X,LIU S N,AN P.Root cause analysis and solutions for axle-wheel-seat cracking problem of HXD3 locomotive[J].Railway Locomotive & Car,2021,41(2):110-115.
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【6】杨广雪,谢基龙,李强,等.过盈配合微动损伤的关键参数[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(16):53-59. YANG G X,XIE J L,LI Q,et al.Key parameters of fretting damage under shrink fit[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(16):53-59.
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【13】袁才钦,李亚波,杨凯,等.铁路车轴过盈配合面微动损伤分析及有限元仿真[J].摩擦学学报,2020,40(4):520-530. YUAN C Q,LI Y B,YANG K,et al.Damage analysis and finite element simulation of fretting wear on press-fitted surface of railway axle[J].Tribology,2020,40(4):520-530.
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【16】张大鹏,陈光雄,田合强.车轴轮座微动损伤对车轴疲劳寿命的影响[J].机械设计与制造,2009(1):113-115. ZHANG D P,CHEN G X,TIAN H Q.Effects of fretting damage on fatigue life of axle[J].Machinery Design & Manufacture,2009(1):113-115.
【17】MAKINO T, KATO T, HIRAKAWA K.Review of the fatigue damage tolerance of high-speed railway axles in Japan[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2011,78(5):810-825.
【18】赵永强.DZ2车轴钢弯曲微动疲劳行为研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2020. ZHAO Y Q.Study on bending fretting fatigue damages of DZ2 axle steel[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2020.
【19】ZERBST U, BERETTA S, KHLER G, et al.Safe life and damage tolerance aspects of railway axles:A review[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2013,98:214-271.
【20】景彪.动车组轮对车轴轮座、车轮轮毂孔粗糙度的分析及建议[J].铁道车辆,2013,51(3):42-43. JING B.Analysis of the roughness of the wheel seat on axle and wheel hub bore of wheelsets for multiple units and suggestions[J].Rolling Stock,2013,51(3):42-43.
【21】张向,刘明杰.SS3B及SS4型机车整体轮对车轴轮座显微裂纹分析及对策[J].电力机车与城轨车辆,2010,33(1):52-54. ZHANG X,LIU M J.Analysis and countermeasures of micro-cracks in axle wheel seats of SS3B and SS4 locomotive integral wheelsets[J].Electric Locomotives & Mass Transit Vehicles,2010,33(1):52-54.
【22】HILLS D A,NOWELL D,O'CONNOR J J.On the mechanics of fretting fatigue[J].Wear,1988,125(1/2):129-146.
【23】董皓.机车车轴轮座裂纹分析与结构改进[D].大连:大连理工大学,2019. DONG H.Crack analysis and structural improvement of axle seat of locomotive[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2019.
【24】ZHANG Y B,LU L T,GONG Y B,et al.Fretting wear-induced evolution of surface damage in press-fitted shaft[J].Wear,2017,384/385:131-141.
【25】张远彬,鲁连涛,宫昱滨,等.微动磨损对过盈配合结构微动疲劳性能的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2016,36(4):495-502. ZHANG Y B,LU L T,GONG Y B,et al.Influence of fretting wear on fretting fatigue properties of press-fitted shaft[J].Tribology,2016,36(4):495-502.
【26】ZERBST U, BERETTA S.Failure and damage tolerance aspects of railway components[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2011,18(2):534-542.
【27】郭立昌,朱文涛,何成刚,等.不同蠕滑率下U75V钢轨磨损与损伤性能分析[J].机械工程学报,2018,54(4):167-175. GUO L C,ZHU W T,HE C G,et al.Analysis on wear and damage characteristics of U75V rail under different slip ratio conditions[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2018,54(4):167-175.
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